A nonsurgical approach in management of burns induced microstomia: a review

Ruchi  Agrawal; Vivek  Choukse; Ashwin  Aidasani; Ranjeet  Gandagule

doi:10.21276//ujds.2023.9.1.19

Ruchi Agrawal PG Student
Vivek Choukse
Ashwin Aidasani
Ranjeet Gandagule

DOI: https://doi.org/10.21276//ujds.2023.9.1.19

Keywords: Microstomia, Burn

Abstract

Burns of head and neck region causes skin contracture which will result in microstomia and loss of skin flaccidity. The prevention and management of microstomia contracture is an important aspect of facial burn. The goal of microstomia repair include the reconstruction of orbicularis sphincter for adequate lip functioning, obtaining lip symmetry and well positioned scar and adequate mouth opening. The standard treatment for the prevention and management of contracture includes compression therapy, grafting, mouth splinting, scar massage, excercise, patient education. These types of maxillofacial prosthetic appliances may be indicated, in conjunction with or without surgery these appliances can be use to improve the reduced mouth opening caused by burns or other traumatic injuries With proper education and motivation of operator and the patient use of these appliances will not only improve the reduced mouth opening but also improve form, function, esthetics, and also enhance the patient’s quality of life.

References

1. Carlow D, Conine TA, Stevenson P. Static orthoses for the management of microstomia. J Rehabil Res Dev 1987; 24: 35-42.
2. Maragakis GM, Garcia-Tempone M. Microstomia following facial burns. J Clin Pediatr Dent 1998; 23: 69-74.
3. Gallagher J, Goldfarb W, Slater H, Rogosky-Grassi M. Survey of treatment modalities for the prevention of hypertrophic facial scars. J Burn Care Rehabil 1990;11:118–20
4. Evans EB, Larson DZ, et al. Prevention and correction of deformity after severe burns. Surg Clin North Am 1970;50:1361-174.
5. Gorham JA. A mouth splint for burn microstomia. Am J Occupational Therapy 1977; 31:105-6.
6. Straten OV. A dynamic mouth splint for the patient with facial burns. J Burn Care Rehabil 1991; 12:174–6.
7. Kylie Joie Wust. A Modified Dynamic Mouth Splint for Burn Patients. Journal of Burn Care & Research 2006; 27(1): 86-92.
8. Williams AI, Baker BM. Advances in burn care management: role of the speech- language pathologist. J Burn Care Rehabil 1992;13:642–9.
9. Sela M, Tubiana I. A mouth splint for severe burns of the head and neck. J Prosthet Dent 1989; 62:679–81.
10. M. E. Dougherty, PT, G. D. Warden. A Thirty-Year Review of Oral Appliances Used to Manage Microstomia, 1972 to 2002. J Burn Care Rehabil 2003; 24: 418–431.
11. COLCLEUGH RG AND RYAN JE: Splinting electrical burns of the mouth in children. Plast Reconstr Surg 58: 239-241,1976.
12. Conine TA, Carlow DL, Stevenson-Moore P. The Vancouver microstomia orthosis. J Prosthet Dent 1989;61:476–83.
13. Silverglade D, Ruberg RL. Nonsurgical management of burns to the lips and commissures. Clin Plast Surg 1986;13: 87–94.
14. Jackson MJ. The use of a dynamic-lip-expander in the rehabilitation of a severely burned face: report of case. J Dent Child 1979;4662–5.
15. Heinle JA, Kealey GP, Cram AE, Hartford CE. The Microstomia Prevention Appliance: 14 years of clinical experience. J Burn Care Rehabil 1988;9:90–1
16. Fowler D, Pegg S. Modified microstomia prevention splint. Burns 1986; 12: 371–373
17. Reisberg DJ, Fine L, Fattore L, Edmonds DC. Electrical burns of the oral commissure. J Prosthet Dent 1983;49: 71–5.
18. Josell SD, Owen D, Kreutzer LW, Goldberg NH. Extraoral management for electrical burns of the mouth. J Dent Child 1984;51:47–52.
19. Khan Z, Banis JC. Oral commissure expansion prosthesis. J Prosthet Dent 1992;67:383–5.
20. Yotsuyanagi T, Sawada Y. Expanding oral plastic splint for burn patients. Burns 1993;19:131–3
21. Macmillan ARG, Oliver AJ, Richardson L, Reade PC. An intraoral splint for the prevention of microstomia from facial burns. Burns 1991; 17:72–4.
22. Costa BA, Nakamura DY, Mann R, Engrav LH. The Therabite jaw motion rehabilitation system [Abstract]. Proc Am Burn Assoc 1995;27:207.
23. Ridgway CL, Warden GD. Evaluation of a vertical mouth stretching orthosis: two case reports. J Burn Care Rehabil 1995;16:74–8
24. Dougherty ME, Schwanholt CA, Warden GD. Thermoplastic mouth stretcher [Abstract]. Proc Am Burn Assoc; J Burn Care Rehabil 2001;22:S208.
25. Mcgowan RH. Prevention of microstomia following facial burns. Br Dent J 1980;149:83–4.
26. Shehan MT,Medford HM. A simplified splint for decreasing or preventing stenostomia in patients with burns. Spec Care Dent 1986;6:36–7.
27. Clarkwr,mcdadego.Microstomia in burnvictims:a new appliance forpreventionandtreatmentandliteraturereview. J Burn Care Rehabil 1980;1:33–6.
28. Nazish Baig, Nikita Parasrampuria, Babita Yeshwante, Gaurav Tate.Electrical injuries of the oral cavity: A menace to mankind. Indian Journal of Health Sciences 2015; 8(1): 11-17
29. Kylie Joie Wust. A Modified Dynamic Mouth Splint for Burn Patients. Journal of Burn Care & Research 2006; 27(1): 86-92.