UNIVERSITY JOURNAL OF DENTAL SCIENCES

“Revolutionizing Smiles: The Rise of Dental Implants" Subtitle: "A New Standard in Restorative Dentistry”

2024-10-21T12:40:16+0530

An Investigation of the knowledge of Snoring and Obstructive Sleep Apnoea affecting patients amongst GDPs by means of a questionnaire.

2024-10-21T12:40:16+0530

Background: The connection between sleep disorders and lifestyle, economy, and health is becoming more widely acknowledged. General dentists, or GDPs, can be extremely helpful in both managing patients with disorders that put them at risk and identifying at-risk patients through screening.

Aim: This study set out to evaluate GDPs based in India's understanding of sleep-related breathing problems (SRBDs).

Material and methods A questionnaire was developed to assess GDPs’ knowledge of SRBDs and their current practice in relation to the management of SRBDs, and identify the factors associated with improved knowledge and management. A volunteer sample was recruited from Google form.

Results In total, 192 GDPs completed the questionnaire; the knowledge and attitude domain showed almost a statistically difference between the responses for the population.

Conclusion Although GDPs’ knowledge of SRBDs was better than anticipated, they clearly felt a need for further information and training.

KEYWORDS

SRBDs, Sleep apnoea, Obstructive sleep apnoea, general dental practitioner.

Source of support : Nil

Conflict of interest: None

Knowledge, Attitude, Awareness about Nitrous Oxide Inhalation Sedation among Dental Practitioners

2024-10-21T12:40:16+0530

Background: This cross-sectional study investigates the knowledge, attitude, awareness about nitrous oxide inhalation sedation among dental practitioners. Given the importance of efficient dental care in fearful & uncooperative dental patients of any age, knowledge and incorporation of chair side nitrous oxide inhalation sedation is essential for optimising outcomes of oral health care.

Material and Methods: A cross-sectional study with 150 dental practitioners as participants was conducted. A structured questionnaire assessing awareness, utilization and factors influencing the incorporation of nitrous oxide inhalation sedation in practice and the attitude for future learning was used for data collection. Demographic information was also collected.

Results: Demographic analysis reveals diverse sample in terms of age, gender and educational qualification. 79.3% of practitioners demonstrated awareness, 97.3% of practitioners do not practice inhalation sedation. 44% of practitioners do not opt for the dental treatment in uncooperative paediatric patients. 88% showed willingness of learning and practicing inhalation sedation.

Conclusion: This original research provides valuable insights into the awareness and utilization of inhalation sedation along with willingness to incorporate it in dental practice among practitioners. Further research exploring the challenges faced by practitioners is advised along with developing learning methods among the graduates and post graduates.

Keywords: Nitrous oxide inhalation sedation, dental practitioners, uncooperative paediatric patients, knowledge, awareness

Zygomatic implants as a rational treatment for atrophic maxilla: A Retrospective study

2024-10-21T12:40:16+0530

Background: The use of zygomatic implants in our severely resorbed maxilla for oral rehabilitation and its outcome. Material & method: Sixty patients with one hundred and forty Quickdent zygomatic implants underwent rehabilitation. Various combinations such as Quad zygoma, single zygoma, one side double zygoma, and one zygoma with other conventional implants combinations have been mentioned in patients' data over two and a half years. The overall results of implants with prosthetic evaluation and complications are mentioned below. Results: The success rate of 99% is seen in this two- and half-year follow-up. In one of the patients who underwent quad zygoma one right anterior zygomatic implant was removed due to a cutaneous fistula in the cheek region other two were failure due to incorrect positioning, which was lost to follow-up. Conclusion: Quickdent zygomatic implants have helped in rehabilitation of atrophic maxilla leading to immediate functional loading .

Prevalence of Oral Mucosal Lesions in Dental Patients with Tobacco Smoking And Chewing, Areca Nut Consumption and Mixed Habits: A Cross-sectional Study in Ahmedabad

2024-10-21T12:40:16+0530

Background: The oral mucosa plays a crucial role in protecting overall patient health. Studies have shown that patients with harmful oral habits such as tobacco and areca nut use are more likely to develop oral mucosal lesions. This underscores the importance of regular oral cavity examinations for early detection and timely treatment. It highlights the vital role of dentists in educating patients about maintaining oral health.

Materials and Method: 1400 participants were included in the study, after following the inclusion and exclusion criteria and were further divided into two groups and evaluated using the modified WHO guidelines-based Oral Health Assessment Form for Adults, 2013 as a questionnaire and the clinical assessment form. The participants of the present study were evaluated for the presence of oral mucosal lesions associated with the usage of harmful oral habits.

Results: Maximum number of participants with harmful oral habits belonged to the age group of 45-54 years (21.71%), with smokeless tobacco being the most prevalent harmful oral habit (47.86%), Tobacco pouch keratosis being the most common oral mucosal lesion (20.37%) and buccal mucosa being the most common site for oral mucosal lesions (41%).

Conclusion: The data from this study can serve as valuable material for oral health education programs in primary health initiatives nationwide. It is essential to make tobacco cessation training mandatory in the education and training of healthcare professionals so they can effectively provide tobacco cessation advice in their daily practice.

KEY WORDS: Oral mucosal lesions, Prevalence, Habit-index, Tobacco, Areca-nut, Ahmedabad

An aggressively recurring gingival tumor: A case report

2024-10-21T12:40:17+0530

Spindle cell carcinoma (SpCC), also known as Lane tumor, is a poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), characterized by spindle-shaped cells in histopathology, can manifest in the oral cavity. Major etiologies of SpCC are alcohol abuse, inadequate oral hygiene, prior exposure to radiation in the tumor area, and most significantly, tobacco use in various forms like cigarettes, cigars, pipes, and smokeless tobacco. In this case report we describe an aggressive spindle cell tumor and specifically emphasize on the diagnostic dilemma caused during the process.

Pyogenic Granuloma of Palate

2024-10-21T12:40:17+0530

A pyogenic granuloma is a common benign vascular tumor that typically appears as a rapidly growing, red or purplish nodule on the skin or mucous membranes. Despite its name, it is neither pyogenic (pus-producing) nor a true granuloma. Instead, it is characterized by an overgrowth of small blood vessels and fibrous tissue. Pyogenic granulomas often occur in response to minor trauma, hormonal changes, or certain medications. While usually harmless, they can bleed easily and may cause discomfort or cosmetic concerns. Treatment options include surgical removal, laser therapy, or cauterization, depending on the size and location of the lesion. In this study, surgical excision was performed revealing the uneventful healing and no recurrence thereafter. The elimination of irritating factor is important for the success of treatment.

Endodontic management of two palatal roots in maxillary first molars- A case series

2024-10-21T12:40:17+0530

The present case series highlights the endodontic management of four rooted maxillary first molars with two palatal roots and two buccal root canals, with a one-year follow-up. The diagnosis of root and root canal configuration was confirmed using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT), and the management of the additional second palatal canal was performed under the dental operating microscope. The prevalence of maxillary first molars with two palatal roots is extremely rare, with a global occurrence rate of only 0.047%. Therefore, awareness of such uncommon anatomical variations and familiarity with the latest technologies is crucial for accurate diagnosis and to improve the success rate of root canal treatments.

Rare Case of Peripheral Giant Cell Granuloma – A Case Report

2024-10-21T12:40:17+0530

Peripheral giant cell granuloma is the most common oral giant cell lesion[1]. It normally presents as a soft tissue nodule consisting of multinucleated giant cells in background of mononuclear stromal cells and extravasated red blood cells. This lesion probably does not represent a true neoplasm, but rather may be reactive in nature, believed to be stimulated by local irritation or trauma, but the cause is not certainly known.

Here we reported a case of Peripheral Giant Cell Granuloma at the alveolar mucosa of right maxilla of 46 year old female.

Complex Odontoma - Case Report

2024-10-21T12:40:17+0530

Abstract:

Odontomas are considered as benign tumors of odontogenic tissue origin and are more over non-aggressive. They can also be categorized as hamartomas and are a result of developmental malformation of odontogenic tissues. They possess limited and slow growth potential and are well differentiated. They can be ectodermal, mesodermal or mixed in origin. Compound odontomes are reported to be twice more common than complex odontomes. Complex odontomes are asymptomatic unless they cause bony expansion of the jaws.

Case report: This paper aims to report and discuss a case of 22-year-old female presented with complex odontoma of large size with impacted teeth 47 and 48 with painless swelling on right angle of mandible region.

Keywords: Complex Odontoma, Mandible, Odontogenic Tumors, Benign Tumors.

Surgical Management of Oral Submucous Fibrosis with Reconstruction using Tongue Flap

2024-10-21T12:40:17+0530

This is a case report of successful surgical management of a 25-year-old male patient diagnosed with moderately advanced oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF). The patient presented with chief complaints of reduced mouth opening and a history of gutka chewing for seven years. Clinical examination revealed a decreased mouth opening, palpable fibrous bands in the buccal mucosa, and reduced elasticity bilaterally. Following a diagnosis of grade III OSMF, the patient underwent surgical treatment with grafting using a tongue flap, with the additional recommendation to quit tobacco chewing. Under general anesthesia, fibrous bands were excised from the buccal mucosa, and a tongue flap was raised to fill the resulting mucosal defect. Closure was achieved using sutures, and a buccal fat pad was utilized to close the mucosal defect on the opposite side. Follow-up evaluations demonstrated stable mouth opening, along with satisfactory healing and absence of complications. This case highlights the effectiveness of surgical intervention, particularly the use of tongue flap grafting, in achieving favorable outcomes for OSMF management, underscoring its role as a valuable treatment modality in cases of advanced OMFS.

Single Stage Ear Lobule Reconstruction with Hemifacial Multiple Z Plasty – A Unique Case

2024-10-21T12:40:17+0530

This case report aims to present a combined technique of Z-plasty with ear lobule reconstruction in a rare case of hemifacial full-thickness contused lacerated wound (CLW) with ear lobule defect. This case was planned for a two-stage surgery. In the first stage, primary closure was done with the preservation of the facial nerve. In the second stage of surgery, multiple Z-plasty along with ear lobule reconstruction was carried out. Multiple Z-plasty provides a greater degree of flap mobilisation for ear lobule reconstruction. A single flap was used in the rollback method to create an ear lobule. The technique used was contrary to Gavello's technique. Positive results were obtained. Post-surgically, no active intervention was required. The ear lobule flap was completely accepted by the recipient site and a natural-looking ear lobule was formed.

Revitalization of necrotic mature permanent anterior tooth with a large periapical lesion : a case report

2024-10-21T12:40:17+0530

Revitalization procedures can be described as biologically based procedures intended to replace the diseased or missing pulp–dentin complex. Over the years, this procedure has been referred to by a variety of names, including regeneration, rejuvenation and pulp revascularization. Conventionally, root canal therapy involving chemomechanical debridement, intracanal medication, and root filling, is used to treat adult permanent teeth with infected or noninfected necrotic pulps. The revitalization approach may be an effective alternative that offers enhanced biological properties compared to traditional root canal therapy. Permanent mature teeth with necrotic pulps are treated with revitalization procedures in an attempt to relieve symptoms, resolve apical periodontitis, and restore vitality. The present report describes the treatment and outcome using modified revitalization therapy in a traumatized maxillary permanent anterior tooth with infected necrotic pulp and a large periapical lesion.

Maxillary Frenectomy In Pediatric Patient Using Diode Laser – A Case Report

2024-10-21T12:40:17+0530

Abnormal/aberrant frenum is very common and causes various problems in function and aesthetics. These attachments pose problems like difficulty in maintaining oral hygiene, gingival recession, and diastema. Hence, correcting abnormal frenal attachments becomes essential. Such a condition has to be treated by Frenectomy, which can be performed using Scalpel, Electrocautery, or with Soft Tissue Lasers. Among all these, Diode lasers are gaining popularity due to their suitability for soft tissues, ease of operation, and versatility. In this article, we report a case of successful non-surgical management of high frenal attachment using diode laser. An 8-year-old female patient presented to the department with malaligned maxillary anterior teeth. The dental examination revealed a high frenal attachment with midline diastema. This case report describes the process of performing maxillary labial frenectomy using Diode Laser in pediatric dentistry.

KEYWORDS - Diastema; Frenectomy; Diode Laser.

Treacher Collins Syndrome the Pivotal Role of its Prompt Diagnosis- A Case report

2024-10-21T12:40:17+0530

Mandibulofacial dysostosis, also called Franceschetti-Zwahlen-Klein syndrome or Treacher Collins syndrome (TCS), is identified by these terms. Atypical differentiation of the first and second pharyngeal arches during fetal development is linked to Treacher Collins syndrome (TCS). This syndrome is equally prevalent in both genders and affects about 1 in 50,000 live births. Facial bone hypoplasia may be the first sign of the disorder. We present a case report of Treacher Collins syndrome with their extra oral findings, intraoral findings and their treatment plan. Furthermore, we encompassed a range of etiological elements, clinical diagnostic devices, and multidisciplinary teamwork.

Impression techniques in neonates with cleft lip and palate : An illustrative case series and narrative review.

2024-10-22T09:37:09+0530

One of the most significant challenges in infants born with cleft lip and/or palate (CLP) is inadequate feeding, which can be remedied with the use of a feeding plate. However, the creation of a feeding plate involves a crucial component known as the impression procedure, which presents a number of challenges. Hence, this case series and narrative review outlines three distinct cases depicting various methods for obtaining accurate impressions in newborns with CLP, while also emphasizing on the importance of patient positioning, impression tray selection, and impression material choice. Additionally, it delves into the complexities of newborns born with CLP and the difficulties that infants with this condition may encounter. Potential complications during the impression-making process are also discussed, alongside their corresponding management strategies.

Probiotics and Oral Health: Harnessing Good Bacteria for a Healthier Smile- A scoping review

2024-10-21T12:40:17+0530

Background: Dental caries, periodontal disease, and halitosis are widespread illnesses that afflict millions of people worldwide, and they have a substantial influence on general well-being. Probiotic usage provides a viable alternative to traditional therapies, which frequently concentrate on eliminating harmful bacteria by fostering a healthy oral microbiome. Objective: Probiotics have a part in oral health, and this reviw assesses how they might influence microbial populations and host responses to prevent and treat oral illnesses. Methods: A thorough search of the literature was carried out, concentrating on studies. Probiotics, oral health, dental caries, periodontal disease, and halitosis were among the keywords. A thorough assessment of the effectiveness of probiotics was provided by including both clinical trials and in vitro investigations. Results: Several probiotic strains were shown to be very beneficial in lowering cariogenic bacteria, enhancing periodontal health, and decreasing halitosis. These strains included Lactobacillus reuteri, Lactobacillus rhamnosus, and Bifidobacterium bifidum. Reduced levels of volatile sulfur compounds linked to foul breath, gingival inflammation, and plaque indices were seen in clinical studies. Probiotics have been shown to impede harmful microorganisms by means of generation of antimicrobial peptides, competitive exclusion, and modification of the host immunological response. Even with these encouraging results, developing consistent recommendations proved difficult due to variations in probiotic formulations, dose schedules, and research designs. Conclusion: There is strong evidence to support the use of probiotics as a feasible complement or alternative to traditional oral health therapies in improving the balance of the oral microbiome and lowering the incidence of illness. To maximize therapeutic results, more study is necessary to standardize probiotic strains, doses, and therapy regimens. Future research should concentrate on developing regulatory frameworks to guarantee probiotic efficacy and quality as well as long-term safety.

Endo-perio Lesions: An Enigma Tto Endodontists

2024-10-21T12:40:17+0530

The connection between endodontic and periodontal issues has been a topic of debate and contention for years. Pulp and periodontal issues contribute significantly to tooth loss, with over 50% of cases attributed to them. Endo-perio lesions can arise from various causes, presenting challenges for clinicians in diagnosis and prognosis. A comprehensive understanding of these lesions' origins, along with the requisite skills for performing restorative, endodontic, or periodontal treatments either individually or in combination, is crucial for accurate diagnosis and effective management..This review article gives an insight on various aspects of endo perio lesions such as etiology,classification,diagnosis,prognosis and the management of these lesions

The Intersection of Speech Therapy and Prosthodontics: A Comprehensive Review

2024-10-21T12:40:17+0530

This literature review delves into the principles and methodologies underlying speech therapy, emphasizing the integration of prosthetic devices for the treatment of speech and language disorders. It explores the design and implementation of oral prostheses, specifically for cleft palate patients, highlighting the importance of avoiding obstructions that hinder tongue movement and ensuring proper velopharyngeal function. The review outlines comprehensive speech evaluation protocols, including oral examinations, articulation tests, nasal emission tests, and overall speech intelligibility assessments. Furthermore, it discusses the impact of prosthodontics on speech, noting that changes in denture design can affect tongue position and oral cavity dimensions, thus influencing speech production. The role of speech therapy in managing congenital and acquired speech disorders through devices like palatal lifts and speech bulbs is also examined. Additionally, the review touches on the intersection of speech therapy and mental health, suggesting that speech characteristics may serve as biomarkers for psychiatric conditions. Overall, this review underscores the necessity of collaborative efforts between prosthodontists and speech therapists to optimize patient outcomes in speech rehabilitation.

Role of dental professionals in prosthetic rehabilitation

2024-10-21T12:40:17+0530

Rehabilitation of facial defect is of paramount importance for the benefit of the patients as it adds to the improvement of their life and day to day struggles and also improve their confidance. There are various approaches which can be done to tackle the problem faced by these patients particularly the orofacial cancer survivor patients and totally edentulous patients as well as cleft patients. The dental professional particularly prosthodontists play a key role in rehabilitating these patients. This article aims on focussing various modalities to rehabilitate them.

The Microbial Triad in Periodontitis: Decoding Bacterial, Immune, and Environmental Interactions – Evidence and Shortfalls Explored

2024-10-21T12:40:17+0530

Exploring the intricate interplay of pathogenic microorganisms, host immune response, and environmental factors in periodontitis. Pathogenic actors, e.g., Porphyromonas gingivalis, Treponema denticola, Tannerella forsythia, orchestrate tissue damage within biofilm structures. Host immune response, crucial for defense, may lead to excessive inflammation. Environmental factors like smoking and stress impact the triad. Research evidence supports microbial dysbiosis, immune responses, and clinical interventions. Challenges include gaps in understanding, emerging pathogens, biofilm dynamics, and the need for improved diagnostics and therapeutics. Ongoing exploration promises personalized treatments and transformative clinical procedures in periodontitis management.

Keywords: periodontitis, microbial triad, pathogenic bacteria, biofilm dynamics, host immune response, environmental factors, personalized treatment, diagnostic tools, therapeutic approaches, research challenges.

Diagnostic Imaging and Techniques in Implant Dentistry: A Review

2024-10-21T12:40:17+0530

The ultimate goal of dental implant therapy is to satisfy patient’s desire to replace one/ more missing teeth in an esthetic, secure, functional and long lasting manner. Techniques of imaging and their accurate interpretation in implant dentistry are a very important and crucial step for successful treatment. Various types of radiographic images are used for diagnosis and treatment planning of dental implant patients. Options ranges from standerd projections eg. Intraoral (periapical, occlusal), extraoral (panoramic, lateral cephalometric) radiographs, routinely available in the dental office to more complex radiographic techniques eg. Conventional x-ray tomography(CT) and cone beam computed tomography (CBCT), typically available only in radiographic centers. This article discusses an advanced imaging procedures for implant with their advantages and disadvantages when compared with conventional imaging techniques.

Effect of combined therapy of oral levamisole with topical doxycycline in management of oral lichen planus - A Clinical Trial

2024-10-21T12:40:18+0530

Abstract

Background: Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a chronic, mucosal inflammatory disease with a probable immune mediated etiopathogenesis. There are multiple treatment modalities in which corticosteroids are the most commonly used drugs to manage OLP. To minimize the adverse effects of steroid therapy, steroid-sparing agents have gained popularity in the management of OLP. Levamisole and doxycycline are two pharmacological agents with anti-inflammatory, immunomodulating properties which can be considered for treatment of oral lichen planus. Aim: To evaluate the effect of combined therapy of oral levamisole with topical doxycycline in management of oral lichen planus. Method: 20 clinically and histopathologically diagnosed, symptomatic OLP patients were administered 50mg of oral levamisole with topical application of 5% doxycycline for three months. Signs, symptoms, and subjective treatment scores were evaluated at baseline and 3 months. Lesion recurrence was checked 3 months post completion of therapy. Results: Statistically significant reduction in signs and symptoms scores was seen with the administered regimen. A recurrence of 15% was seen post completion of therapy which was statistically insignificant. Conclusion: Dual therapy of oral levamisole with topical doxycycline is a feasible and effective treatment regimen in management of OLP with minimal recurrence rate.

Keywords: Combined Therapy, Levamisole, Oral lichen planus, topical doxycycline.