“Mucormycosis- The Black Fungus Incapacitating Covid Patients in India”
Abstract
COVID-19 pandemic is still going on. This has led to many secondary infections like opportunistic fungal infections . Its likely that oral lesions in patients with COVID-19 is more likely induced by co-infections, immunity impairment, and adverse reactions instead of direct SARS-CoV-2 infection. Mucormycosis is one such secondary infection caused by fungi belonging to the order Mucorales. Rhinocerebral mucormycosis is one form of mucormycosis, which targets the maxillary antrum and the surrounding tissues and cause necrotizing ulceration of the palate with exposure of underlying bone. The treatment given in mucormycosis cases include restoration of metabolic or immunologic competency, intravenous amphotericin B, and surgical debridement. Surgical debridement results in difficulty in speech, deglutition, mastication, and respiration. Both physical and psychologic needs of the patient are best served if an immediate surgical obturator is provided. Definitive prosthodontic treatment should be considered only when healing is complete.
References
2. Hibbett DS, Binder M, Bischoff JF, et al. A higher-level phylogenetic classification of the Fungi. Mycol Res. 2007;111:509–47.
3. Eucker J., Sezer O., Graf B., Possinger K. Mucormycoses. Mycoses. 2001;44(7):253–260.
4. Bitar D, Van Cauteren D, Lanternier F. Increasing incidence of zygomycosis (mucormycosis), France, Emerg Infect Dis. 2009;15(9):1395-401.
5. Guinea J, Escribano P, Vena A. Increasing incidence of mucormycosis in a large Spanish hospital from 2007 to 2015: Epidemiology and microbiological characterization of the isolates. PLoS One. 2017;12(6):e0179136.
6. Skiada A., Pavleas I., Drogari-Apiranthitou M. Epidemiology and diagnosis of mucormycosis: an Update. J Fungi. 2020;6(4):265.
7. Chander J., Kaur M., Singla N. Mucormycosis: battle with the deadly enemy over a five-year period in India. J. Fungi. 2018;4(2):46.
8. Prakash H., Chakrabarti A. Global epidemiology of mucormycosis. J Fungi. 2019;5:26.
9. International Diabetes Federation Idf diabetes atlas. 2019.
10. NG Ourania,S Sotirios, DA Maria,M Maria,G Dimitra,Y Xanthi,R Demetra,Y Ioannis,P George and P Gerassimos. Mucormycosis presenting with dental pain and palatal ulcer in a patient with chronic myelomonocytic leukaemia: case report and literature review. JMM Case Reports (2015);1-8.
11. Aramany MA. Basic principles of obturator design for partially edentulous patients. Part I: Classification. J Prosthet Dent 1978; 40:554-557
12. Inbarajan A, Natarajan S, Thirumalai Thangarajan S, et al. Impact of Prosthodontic Treatment on the Oral Health-related Quality of Life in Mucormycosis Patient: A Case Report. Cureus 10(10)
13. Kurrasch M,Beumer J,Kagawa T. Mucormycosis: Oral and prosthodontic implications. A report of 14 patients. The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry 1982;47(4):422–429.