A ten year retrospective statistical analysis of maxillofacial injuries in patients admitted and treated at Institute of Dental Sciences Bareilly
Keywords:
Maxillofacial trauma, Ten years, Retrospective survey, Road Traffic Accident, Motorcyclists
Abstract
Aim: The aim of the present study was to assess the prevalence, common age, gender, causes, types, treatment modality, and complication of the maxillofacial fractures for the patients admitted to the Institute of Dental Sciences Bareilly.
Materials and methods: The medical records of all cases admitted to the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery (OMFS) ward of Institute of Dental Sciences Bareilly, were reviewed for presence of maxillofacial fractures. The statistical analysis was done using IBM SPSS version 22.
Results: There were 78% males and 12% females. The most affected age-group was 15–30 years and the male–female ratio was 6.5:1. RTAs were the most common cause of maxillofacial trauma, accounting for 70% of cases, followed by assaults (10%), sports injuries (12%), and falls (8%). Our findings revealed that the mandible body and parasymphysis were the most actively engaged bones, accompanied by the mandibular angle. Open reduction with internal fixation (ORIF) was the most common treatment methods (89.3%) utilized in this study.
Conclusion: Maxillofacial fractures most commonly affected young individuals in the 15–30-year-old age-group, often as a result of RTA, and body of the mandible was the most frequent site of fracture. This study also concluded that helmet use among motorcyclists (93.29%) was infrequent among the participants. Education and motivation on road safety measures are the two factors that have to be considered to improve helmet use among motorcyclists.
Clinical significance: The prevalence, common age, gender, causes, types, treatment modality, and complication of the maxillofacial fractures for the patients admitted can be assessed from the present study.
References
References
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2. Oji C. Fractures of the facial skeleton in children: a survey of patients under the age of 11 years. J Cranio-Maxillofac Surg. 1998;26(1):322-5.
3. Qudah MA, Bataineh AB. A retrospective study of selected oral and maxillofacial fractures in a group of Jordanian children. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 2002;94(1):310-4.
4. Van Hout WMMT, Van Cann EM, Abbink JH, et al. An epidemiological study of maxillofacial fractures requiring surgical treatment at a tertiary trauma centre between 2005 and 2010. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2013;51(5):416–20.
5. Gali R, Devireddy SK, Kumar RVK, et al. Faciomaxillary fractures in a semi-urban South Indian teaching hospital: a retrospective analysis of 638 cases. Contemp Clin Dent 2015;6(4):539–43.
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8. Pyungtanasup K. The epidemiology of mandibular fractures treated at Chiang Mai university hospital: a review of 198 cases. J Med Assoc Thai. 2008;91(6):868–74.
9. Telfer MR, Jones GM, Shepherd JP. Trends in the aetiology of maxillofacial fractures in the United Kingdom (1977–1987). Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 1991;29(4):250–5
10. Al-Khateeb T, Abdullah FM. Craniomaxillofacial injuries in the United Arab Emirates: a retrospective study. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2007;65(6):1094–101.
11. Cheema SA, Amin F. Incidence and causes of maxillofacial skeletal injuries at the Mayo Hospital in Lahore, Pakistan. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2006;44(3):232–4.
12. Motamedi MHK, Dadgar E, Ebrahimi A, et al. Pattern of maxillofacial fractures: a 5-year analysis of 8,818 patients. J Trauma Acute Care Surg 2014;77(4):630–4.
13. Cabalag MS, Wasiak J, Andre NE, et al. Epidemiology and management of maxillofacial fractures in an Australian trauma center. J Plastic, Reconstruc Aesthet Surg 2014;67(2):183–9.
14. Bakardjiev A, Pechalova P. Maxillofacial fractures in Southern Bulgaria - A retrospective study of 1706 cases. J Cranio-Maxillofac Surg 2007;35(3):147–50.
15. Mijiti A, Ling W, Tuerdi M, et al. Epidemiological analysis of maxillofacial fractures treated at a university hospital, Xinjiang, China: a 5-year retrospective study. J Cranio-Maxillofac Surg 2014;42(3):227–33.
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26. Malara P, Malara B, Drugacz J. Characteristics of maxillofacial injuries resulting from road traffic accidents: a 5 year review of the case records from Department of Maxillofacial Surgery in Katowice, Poland. Head Face Med 2006;2(1):27.
27. Lydia N. Melek, Ahmed A. Sharara. Retrospective study of maxillofacial trauma in Alexandria University: Analysis of 177 cases. Tanta Dental Journal 2016;13(1):28–33.
28. Juncar M, Tent AP, Juncar LR , Harangus A, Mircea R. An epidemiological analysis of maxillofacial fractures: a 10-year cross-sectional cohort retrospective study of 1007 patients. Juncar et al. BMC Oral Health 2021;21(1):128.
29. Motamedi MH. An assessment of maxillofacial fractures: a 5-year study of 237 patients. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2003;61(1):61-4.
30. Simons-Morton B, Lerner N, Singer J. The observed effects of teenage passengers on the risky driving behavior of teenage drivers. Accid Anal Prev. 2005;37(1):973-82.
31. Zandi M, Khayati A, Lamei A, Zarei H. Maxillofacial injuries in western Iran: a prospective study. Oral Maxillofac Surg.2011;15(1):201-9
32. Oikarinen K, Ignatius E, Kauppi H, Silvennoinen U. Mandibular fractures in northern Finland in the 1980s-a 10-year study. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 1993;31(1):23-7.
33. Bali R, Sharma P, Garg A, et al. A comprehensive study on maxillofacial trauma conducted in Yamunanagar, India. J Injury Violence Res 2013;5(2):108–116.
34. Brasileiro BF, Passeri LA. Epidemiological analysis of maxillofacial fractures in Brazil: a 5-year prospective study. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 2006;102(1):28–34
35. Yadav S, Mittal HC, Malik S, Dhupar V, Sachdeva A, Malhotra V, Singh G, Yadav S, Mittal HC, Malik S, et al. Post-traumatic and postoperative neurosensory deficits of the inferior alveolar nerve in mandibular fracture: a prospective study. J Korean Assoc Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2016;42(5):259–64
36. Steidler NE, Cook RM, Reade PC. Residual complications in patients with major middle third facial fractures. Int J Oral Surg. 1980;9(4):259–66.
1. Jose A, Nagori SA, Agarwal B, Bhutia O, Roychoudhury A. Management of maxillofacial trauma in emergency: An update of challenges and controversies. J Emerg Trauma Shock 2016;9(1):73‑80.
2. Oji C. Fractures of the facial skeleton in children: a survey of patients under the age of 11 years. J Cranio-Maxillofac Surg. 1998;26(1):322-5.
3. Qudah MA, Bataineh AB. A retrospective study of selected oral and maxillofacial fractures in a group of Jordanian children. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 2002;94(1):310-4.
4. Van Hout WMMT, Van Cann EM, Abbink JH, et al. An epidemiological study of maxillofacial fractures requiring surgical treatment at a tertiary trauma centre between 2005 and 2010. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2013;51(5):416–20.
5. Gali R, Devireddy SK, Kumar RVK, et al. Faciomaxillary fractures in a semi-urban South Indian teaching hospital: a retrospective analysis of 638 cases. Contemp Clin Dent 2015;6(4):539–43.
6. Arabion HR, Tabrizi R, Aliabadi E, Gholami M, Zarei K. A retrospective analysis of maxillofacial trauma in Shiraz, Iran: a 6-year-study of 768 patients (2004–2010). J Dent. 2014;15(1):15.
7. Khitab U, Ansari SR, Khan A, Khan MT, Abdus-Salam. Occurrence and characteristics of maxillofacial injuries-a study. Pak Oral Dent J. 2010;30(1):57–61.
8. Pyungtanasup K. The epidemiology of mandibular fractures treated at Chiang Mai university hospital: a review of 198 cases. J Med Assoc Thai. 2008;91(6):868–74.
9. Telfer MR, Jones GM, Shepherd JP. Trends in the aetiology of maxillofacial fractures in the United Kingdom (1977–1987). Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 1991;29(4):250–5
10. Al-Khateeb T, Abdullah FM. Craniomaxillofacial injuries in the United Arab Emirates: a retrospective study. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2007;65(6):1094–101.
11. Cheema SA, Amin F. Incidence and causes of maxillofacial skeletal injuries at the Mayo Hospital in Lahore, Pakistan. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2006;44(3):232–4.
12. Motamedi MHK, Dadgar E, Ebrahimi A, et al. Pattern of maxillofacial fractures: a 5-year analysis of 8,818 patients. J Trauma Acute Care Surg 2014;77(4):630–4.
13. Cabalag MS, Wasiak J, Andre NE, et al. Epidemiology and management of maxillofacial fractures in an Australian trauma center. J Plastic, Reconstruc Aesthet Surg 2014;67(2):183–9.
14. Bakardjiev A, Pechalova P. Maxillofacial fractures in Southern Bulgaria - A retrospective study of 1706 cases. J Cranio-Maxillofac Surg 2007;35(3):147–50.
15. Mijiti A, Ling W, Tuerdi M, et al. Epidemiological analysis of maxillofacial fractures treated at a university hospital, Xinjiang, China: a 5-year retrospective study. J Cranio-Maxillofac Surg 2014;42(3):227–33.
16. Bataineh AB. Etiology and incidence of maxillofacial fractures in the north of Jordan. Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology, Oral Radiology, and Endodontology 1998;86(1):31–5.
17. Gassner R, Tuli T, Hächl O, et al. Cranio-maxillofacial trauma: a 10-year review of 9543 cases with 21 067 injuries. J Cranio- Maxillofac Surg 2003;31(1):51–61. 18. Rabi
18. AG, Khateery SM. Maxillofacial trauma in Al-Madinah region of Saudi Arabia: a 5-year retrospective study. asian. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2002;14(1):10–4.
19. Al-Masri M. Severity and causality of maxillofacial trauma in the Southern region of Saudi Arabia. Saudi Dent J 2013;25(3):107–10.
20. Shankar VN, Hegde N, Prasad R. The pattern of the maxillofacial fractures: a multicenter retrospective study. J Craniomaxillofac Surg 2014;40(4):675–79.
21. Jan AM, Alsehaimy M, Al-Sebaei M, et al. A retrospective study of the epidemiology of maxillofacial trauma in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. J Am Sci 2015;11(1):57–61.
22. Crankson SJ. Motor vehicle injuries in childhood: a hospital-based study in Saudi Arabia. Pediatr Surg Int 2006;22(8):641–645.
23. Al-Khateeb T, Abdullah FM. Craniomaxillofacial injuries in the United Arab Emirates: a retrospective study. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2007; 65(1):1094–1101
24. Ansari MH. Maxillofacial fractures in Hamedan province, Iran: a retrospective study (1987–2001). J Craniomaxillofac Surg 2004;32(1):28–34.
25. Olasoji HO, Tahir A, Arotiba GT. Changing picture of facial fractures in northern Nigeria. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2002;40(1):140–143.
26. Malara P, Malara B, Drugacz J. Characteristics of maxillofacial injuries resulting from road traffic accidents: a 5 year review of the case records from Department of Maxillofacial Surgery in Katowice, Poland. Head Face Med 2006;2(1):27.
27. Lydia N. Melek, Ahmed A. Sharara. Retrospective study of maxillofacial trauma in Alexandria University: Analysis of 177 cases. Tanta Dental Journal 2016;13(1):28–33.
28. Juncar M, Tent AP, Juncar LR , Harangus A, Mircea R. An epidemiological analysis of maxillofacial fractures: a 10-year cross-sectional cohort retrospective study of 1007 patients. Juncar et al. BMC Oral Health 2021;21(1):128.
29. Motamedi MH. An assessment of maxillofacial fractures: a 5-year study of 237 patients. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2003;61(1):61-4.
30. Simons-Morton B, Lerner N, Singer J. The observed effects of teenage passengers on the risky driving behavior of teenage drivers. Accid Anal Prev. 2005;37(1):973-82.
31. Zandi M, Khayati A, Lamei A, Zarei H. Maxillofacial injuries in western Iran: a prospective study. Oral Maxillofac Surg.2011;15(1):201-9
32. Oikarinen K, Ignatius E, Kauppi H, Silvennoinen U. Mandibular fractures in northern Finland in the 1980s-a 10-year study. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 1993;31(1):23-7.
33. Bali R, Sharma P, Garg A, et al. A comprehensive study on maxillofacial trauma conducted in Yamunanagar, India. J Injury Violence Res 2013;5(2):108–116.
34. Brasileiro BF, Passeri LA. Epidemiological analysis of maxillofacial fractures in Brazil: a 5-year prospective study. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 2006;102(1):28–34
35. Yadav S, Mittal HC, Malik S, Dhupar V, Sachdeva A, Malhotra V, Singh G, Yadav S, Mittal HC, Malik S, et al. Post-traumatic and postoperative neurosensory deficits of the inferior alveolar nerve in mandibular fracture: a prospective study. J Korean Assoc Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2016;42(5):259–64
36. Steidler NE, Cook RM, Reade PC. Residual complications in patients with major middle third facial fractures. Int J Oral Surg. 1980;9(4):259–66.
Published
2021-10-23
How to Cite
Gautam, N., KK, S., Kushwaha, A., & Kumar, P. (2021). A ten year retrospective statistical analysis of maxillofacial injuries in patients admitted and treated at Institute of Dental Sciences Bareilly. UNIVERSITY JOURNAL OF DENTAL SCIENCES, 8(1). https://doi.org/10.21276//ujds.2022.8.1.3
Section
Original Research Paper
