The Diagnostic Maze of Sjögren’s: A Lesson in Early Recognition
CASE REPORT
Abstract
Background:
Sjögren’s syndrome is a chronic autoimmune disorder primarily affecting the exocrine glands, with oral manifestations often preceding systemic involvement.
Aim:
To highlight the importance of early oral signs in the diagnosis of Sjögren’s syndrome and the role of dental professionals in identifying systemic autoimmune conditions.
Materials and Methodology:
A 30-year-old female presented with dry mouth, burning sensation, and difficulty in swallowing for two years. Clinical and intraoral examinations were performed, followed by serological testing, labial salivary gland biopsy, and skin biopsy.
Results:
Examination revealed dry, chapped lips, fissured tongue, multiple carious lesions, and lower limb hyperpigmentation. Serology showed strong positivity for SS-A/Ro, SS-B, and ANA. Labial biopsy confirmed focal lymphocytic sialadenitis, while skin biopsy revealed leukocytoclastic vasculitis, indicating systemic involvement.
Conclusion:
This case emphasizes the significance of oral manifestations as early indicators of Sjögren’s syndrome and underscores the vital role of interdisciplinary collaboration for timely diagnosis and effective management.
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