The Prevalence of Periodontal Disease in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) Patients in Ghaziabad Region- A Cross Sectional Study.
Abstract
INTRODUCTION:
Periodontal diseases involve inflammation caused by bacterial plaque and host responses. Periodontitis is linked to systemic conditions like diabetes, progresses with tissue destruction, microbial dysbiosis, and systemic inflammation. The bidirectional relationship between periodontitis and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus exacerbates both conditions through inflammatory pathways, immune dysfunction, and impaired glycemic control.
AIM:
The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of periodontal disease in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients- A cross sectional study.
MATERIALS AND METHODOLOGY:
A cross-sectional study on 350 Type 2 diabetes mellitus patients (ages 30–65) assessed the impact of diabetes on periodontal health using clinical parameters like OHI-S, PI, GI, PPD, CAL, and mobility. Participants met strict inclusion/exclusion criteria, ensuring controlled variability. Eligible participants completed a health questionnaire covering demographics, oral hygiene, and diabetes status.
RESULTS:
This study highlights a significant periodontal disease burden, with 92.3% prevalence among participants. Moderate to advanced pocket depths were common, signaling disease progression. Clinical attachment loss (CAL) and tooth mobility were frequently observed, reflecting moderate to severe disease stages and underscoring the impact of periodontal disease within this population.
CONCLUSION:
The survey emphasizes a high prevalence of periodontitis among T2DM patients in Ghaziabad, reflecting hyperglycemia’s systemic effects on periodontal health. Elevated clinical parameters underscore the need for integrated care strategies. Future research should explore this bidirectional relationship further to enhance systemic and oral health outcomes regionally and globally.
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