Evaluation of Patients Tongue Cleaning Practices Among Aged 18 Years to 60 Years Visiting Dental College in Bhilai Chhattisgarh.
Evaluation of Patients Tongue Cleaning Practices Among Aged 18 Years to 60 Years Visiting Dental College in Bhilai Chhattisgarh.
Keywords:
Oral Hygiene, Tooth brush, Tongue cleaning Habits
Abstract
The aim of this study was to assess the tongue cleaning habit among the people to maintain and improve the quality of oral hygiene. This cross-sectional study was conducted in outpatient department of Rungta College of Dental Sciences and Research, Department of Community Dentistry among 334 patients 197 female and 137 male between 18-60 years. The self-administered questionnaire consisted of two parts. The first part consisted of socio-demographic details of participants (age, sex, education and occupation). The second part consisted of 14 questions related to tongue cleanliness behavior. Self-constructed questionnaire was adopted from previous study. Data analysis was done by using SPSS 20 version and descriptive statistics were calculated. Out of total 334 participants, 62.5% had a tongue cleaning habits. Around seventy one percent participants cleaned the tongue every day. About two-thirds 60.7% used toothbrush. Nearly 76.1% of the participants took 15-30sec for tongue cleaning. Fifty percent cleaned the entire tongue. Seventy percent started the tongue cleaning about a year ago. Nearly 62.6% respondent cleaned tongue on their own without any suggestion from other persons. Nearly more than half 78.4 % had gagging reflex by using the tongue cleaner. About 50.6% drinking tea / coffee had tongue-cleaning habits.
References
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26.Yaegaki K, Sanada K. Volatile sulfur compounds in mouth air from clinically healthy subjects and patients with periodontal disease. J Periodontal Res 1992; 27: 233-8. doi: 10.1111/j.16000765.1992.tb01673 .x. PMID : 1640345.
27.Quirynen M, Mongardini C, Van Steenberghe D. The effect of a 1-stage full-mouth disinfection on oral malodor and microbial colonization of the tongue in periodontitis patients. A pilot study. J Periodontol 1998; 25: 56-66. doi: 10.1111/j.1600051x.1998.tb02364 .x. PMID : 9477021.
28.Bosy A, Kulkarni GV, Rosenberg M, McCulloch CA. Relationship of oral malodor to periodontitis: evidence of independence in discrete subpopulations. J Periodontol 1994; 65: 37-46. doi: 10.1902/jop.1994.65.1.37. PMID: 8133414.
29.Tonzetich J, Ng SK. Reduction of malodor by oral cleansing procedures. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol 1976; 42: 172-81. doi: 10.1016/00304220(76)90121-3. PMID: 1066599.
30.Gautam N, Shivalingesh KK, Verma S, Kumar V, Saxena I. The influence of smoking on oral health and patient evaluation of tobacco cessation help from dentists working in the dental college of Bareilly city. J Addict Med Ther Sci 2022; 8: 001-005. 8: 001-005. doi: https:// dx.doi.org/10.17352/2455-3484.000052
31.Rhee Y, Choi Y, Park J, Park HR, Kim K, Kim YH. Association between coffee consumption and periodontal diseases: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Oral Health 2022; 22: 272. doi: 10.1186/s12903-022-02310-2. PMID: 35790921 ; PMCID: PMC 9258107.
2. Al Subait AA, Alousaimi M, Geeverghese A, Ali A, El Metwally A. Oral health knowledge, attitude, and behavior a mong students of age 10-18 years old attending Jenadriyah festival Riyadh; a crosssectional study. Saudi J Dent Res 2016; 7: 45-50. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sjdr.2015.05.001
3. Bakdash B. Current patterns of oral hygiene product use and practices. J Periodontol 1995; 8: 11-4. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0757.1995.tb00041.x. PMID: 9567942.
4. Carneiro L, Kabulwa M, Makyao M, Mrosso G, Choum R. Oral health knowledge and practices of secondary school students, tanga, tanzania. Int’l J Dent 2011; 2011: 806258 doi: 10.1155/2011/806258. Epub 2011. PMID: 22145003 ; PMCID: PMC 3227463.
5. Nepal OHP 2004. National Oral Health Policy (1): 1 – 5
6. Christensen G. Why clean your tongue? J Am Dent Assoc 1998; 129: 1605-7. doi: 10.14219/jada. archive.1998.0109. PMID: 9818580.
7. Roldan S, Herrera D, Sanz M. Biofilms and the tongue: therapeutic approaches for the control of halitosis. Clin Oral Invest 2003; 7: 189-97. doi: 10.1007/s00784-003-0214-7. Epub 2003 Sep 26 PMID: 14513303.
8. Yaegaki k,Sanada K.Biochemicl and clinical factors influencing oral malodor in periodontal patients.J Periodontol 1992;63:783-9.doi: 10.1902/jop.1992.63.9.783.PMID:1474480.
9.Quirynen M, Mongardini C, Van Steenberghe D. The effect of a 1 stage full-mouth disinfection on oral malodor and microbial colonization of the tongue in periodontitis. A pilot study. J Periodontol 1998; 69: 374-82. doi: 10.1902/ jop.1998.69.3.374. PMID: 9579625. 1998; 69: 374382.
10.Sarrazin JJ. Tongue cleansing. Dent Pract Dent Rec 1920; 30: 599.
11.Simón-Soro A, Tomas I, Cabrera-Rubio R, Catalan MD, Nyvad B, Mira A. Microbial geography of the oral cavity. J Dent Res 2013; 92: 616-21. doi: 10.1177/0022034513488119. Epub 2013. PMID: 23674263.
12.Chen ZL, Hu QF. Recent development in research on tongue inspection. Chin Med J (Engl) 1986; 99: 444-56 . PMID : 3100183.
13.Yaegaki K, Sanada K. Volatile sulfur compounds in mouth air from clinically healthy subjects and patients with periodontal disease. J Periodontal Res 1992; 27: 233-8. doi: 10.1111/j.16000765.1992.tb01673.x. PMID: 1640345.
14.Van der Velden U, Van Winkelhoff AJ, Abbas F, De Graaff J. The habitat of periodontopathic micro-organisms. J Clin Periodontol 1986; 13: 243-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-051x.1986.tb01467.x. PMID: 3457811.
15.Kishi M, Ohara-Nemoto Y, Takahashi M et al. Prediction of periodontopathic bacteria in dental plaque of periodontal healthy subjects by measurement of volatile sulfur compounds in mouth air. Arch Oral Biol 2013; 58: 324-30. doi: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2012.09.019. Epub 2012 Oct 26. PMID: 23107050.
16. Matsui M, Chosa N, Shimoyama Y et al. Effects of tongue cleaning on bacterial flora in tongue coating and dental plaque: a crossover study. BMC Oral Health 2014; 14: 4. doi:https:// doi.org/10.1186/1472-6831-14-4.
17.Kishi M, Namioka T, Onodera N, Aizawai F, Sekine M, Yonemitsu M. Prevalence of tongue vleaning habit and related factors in healthy individuals in Iwate Prefecture, Japan. J Dent Health 2012; 62: 14-22. doi: https://doi. org/10.5834/jdh.62.1_14
18.Abati S, Ferrieri G, Strohmenger L. Tongue cleaning habits in ltalians, results of a survey in a sample population. Oral Dis 2005; 118-9. doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1601-0825.2005.01105_64 .x
19.Casemiro LA, Martins CH, de Carvalho TC et al. Effective ness of a new toothbrush design versus a conventional tongue scraper in improving breath odor and reducing tongue microbiota. J Appl Oral Sci 2008; 271-4. doi: 10.1590/s167877572008000400008. PMID: 19089259; PMCID: PMC4327536.
20.Pedrazzi V, Sato S, de Mattos Mda G et al. Tonguecleaning methods: a comparative clinical trial employing a toothbrush and a tongue scraper. J Periodontol 2004; 1009-1012. doi: 10.1902/ jop.2004.75.7.1009. PMID: 15341360
21.Buunk-Werkhoven YA, Dijkstra A,Van Der Schans CP. Determinants of oral hygiene behavior: a study based on the theory of planned behavior. Com Dent Oral Epidemiol. 2011; 39: 250-259. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0528.2010.00589.x. Epub 2010. PMID: 21070323.
22.Van der Sleen MI, Slot DE, Van Trijffel E, Winkel EG, Van der Weijden GA. Effectiveness of mechanical tongue cleaning on breath odour and tongue coating: a systematic review. Int’l J Dent Hyg 2010; 8: 258-68. doi: 10.1111/j.16015037.2010.00479 .x. Epub 2010. PMID : 20961381.
23.Jacobson SE, Crawford JJ, McFall WR Jr. Oral physiotherapy of the tongue and palate: relationship to plaque control. J Am Dent Assoc 1973; 87: 134-9. doi: 10.14219 /jada. archive.1973.0335. PMID: 4513362.
24.Badersten A, Egelberg J, Jönsson G, Kroneng M. Effect of tongue brushing on formation of dental plaque. J Periodontol 1975; 46: 625-7.doi: 10.1902 /jop.1975.46.10.625. PMID : 1058943.
25.Gross A, Barnes GP, Lyon TC. Effect of tongue brushing on tongue coating and dental plaque scores. J Dent Res 1975; 54: 1236. doi: 10.1177/00220345750540062601. PMID: 1059667.
26.Yaegaki K, Sanada K. Volatile sulfur compounds in mouth air from clinically healthy subjects and patients with periodontal disease. J Periodontal Res 1992; 27: 233-8. doi: 10.1111/j.16000765.1992.tb01673 .x. PMID : 1640345.
27.Quirynen M, Mongardini C, Van Steenberghe D. The effect of a 1-stage full-mouth disinfection on oral malodor and microbial colonization of the tongue in periodontitis patients. A pilot study. J Periodontol 1998; 25: 56-66. doi: 10.1111/j.1600051x.1998.tb02364 .x. PMID : 9477021.
28.Bosy A, Kulkarni GV, Rosenberg M, McCulloch CA. Relationship of oral malodor to periodontitis: evidence of independence in discrete subpopulations. J Periodontol 1994; 65: 37-46. doi: 10.1902/jop.1994.65.1.37. PMID: 8133414.
29.Tonzetich J, Ng SK. Reduction of malodor by oral cleansing procedures. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol 1976; 42: 172-81. doi: 10.1016/00304220(76)90121-3. PMID: 1066599.
30.Gautam N, Shivalingesh KK, Verma S, Kumar V, Saxena I. The influence of smoking on oral health and patient evaluation of tobacco cessation help from dentists working in the dental college of Bareilly city. J Addict Med Ther Sci 2022; 8: 001-005. 8: 001-005. doi: https:// dx.doi.org/10.17352/2455-3484.000052
31.Rhee Y, Choi Y, Park J, Park HR, Kim K, Kim YH. Association between coffee consumption and periodontal diseases: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Oral Health 2022; 22: 272. doi: 10.1186/s12903-022-02310-2. PMID: 35790921 ; PMCID: PMC 9258107.
Published
2025-02-28
How to Cite
Yadav, K. yadav, dr Ashish Choudhary, dr Ashish Choudhary, Piyali Poddar, Priyanka Yadav, Ankita Bansal, & Pramod Kumar Yadav. (2025). Evaluation of Patients Tongue Cleaning Practices Among Aged 18 Years to 60 Years Visiting Dental College in Bhilai Chhattisgarh. UNIVERSITY JOURNAL OF DENTAL SCIENCES, 11(1). https://doi.org/10.21276/ujds.2025.11.1.2
Section
Original Research Paper
